What does "burden of proof" typically refer to in a trial?

The term "burden of proof" in a trial context primarily refers to the obligation that a party has to prove the facts in their case. This concept is vital in both civil and criminal cases and indicates which party has the responsibility to present evidence to support their claims or defenses.

In most legal systems, the burden of proof typically falls on the plaintiff or prosecution, who must establish the truth of their assertions beyond a preponderance of the evidence in civil cases or beyond a reasonable doubt in criminal cases. This principle ensures that the party making allegations or claims is responsible for substantiating them with credible evidence, thus protecting against unfounded accusations.

Understanding this concept is fundamental for anyone involved in legal proceedings, as it shapes the presentation and evaluation of evidence, influencing the outcome of the trial based on the compellingness of the proof provided.