What is "criminal law" primarily concerned with?

Criminal law is primarily concerned with offenses against the state or public. This area of law deals with actions that are considered harmful or threatening to society as a whole and addresses behaviors that are outlawed by statute. The government, representing the interests of the public, prosecutes individuals or entities accused of committing crimes, which can range from minor infractions to serious felonies. The intention behind criminal law is not only to punish offenders but also to deter future criminal behavior and maintain public order.

The focus on state or public offenses distinguishes criminal law from civil law, which typically handles disputes between private parties, such as personal injury claims or contractual disagreements. In criminal cases, the outcome can lead to penalties including incarceration, fines, or community service, reflecting the societal implications of the criminal behavior.